Copper and some of its alloys
| Element - Metal |
Chemical sign |
Melting- point |
Egenskaper | Characteristics |
| Copper | Cu | 1083 º C |
Main component in bronze-, copper- and brassalloys. | All bronze-, copper- and brassalloys. |
| Tin | Sn | 232 º C |
Increases both strengths and hardness. A marine alloy, anti-corrosive in sweet- and saltwater. By grades > 12 % tin. The hardness increases while the plasticity is decreased. | CuSn5Pb5Zn5 CuSn12 CuPb10Sn In some high tensile brasses |
| Lead | Pb | 327 º C |
Lead increases the pressure-proofness of the goods, increases the machineability, lowers the demands for permanent lubrication. By higher grades of lead the material strength (load-capacity, abrasion), goes down. | CuSn5Pb5Zn5, CuPb10Sn, in all lead-tin-bronzes. Appears in small amounts in most brasses. |
| Zink | Zn | 419 º C |
The major ability is to make melted metal run easy. It has the ability to help alloy different metals. Anti-corrosive characteristics. | CuSn5Pb5Zn5, all brassalloys, in some nickel-copper-alloys. |
| Aluminium | Al | 660 º C |
Increases both strength and hardness. By grades > 10 % the hardness increases, the elonga-tion is decreased and the fragility is increased. | CuAl10Ni5Fe4 and all aluminium-bronzes and in many high-tensile brasses |
| Nickel | Ni | 1450 º C |
Increases the materials abrasion and wear resistance. Anti-corrosive characteristics. | CuSn5Pb5Zn5, CuAl10Ni5Fe4, in many high-tensile brasses Nickel-copper |
| Iron | Fe | 1539 º C |
Increases the hardness, creates a fine-grained structure in the material | Alum. bronzes High-tensile-brasses |
| Manganese | Mn | 1245 º C |
Small amounts has a positive impact on the abrasion and wear resistance of the material. | High-tensile-brasses, Manganese bronzes etc. |